@article { author = {Hanafy, Mai and Kamel, Wael and Nour El Din, Mohsen}, title = {Effect of XP-endo Finisher on Post-Instrumentation Pain after Using Different NiTi Rotary Systems}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {157-164}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.7531.1078}, abstract = {Purpose: This study was conducted to assess and compare the effect of XP-endo Finisher on post-instrumentation pain after using either One Shape single-file rotary system or ProTaper Universal multi-file rotary system in root canal preparation. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight consented patients, with 52 single-rooted teeth requiring endodontic treatment were selected for this study based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Teeth were randomly assigned into two equal groups according to the NiTi rotary system used for root canal preparation, Group (I), One Shape rotary system was used and Group (II), ProTaper Universal rotary system was used. Each group was further subdivided into two equal subgroups (A and B) according to whether XPendo Finisher was used in finishing the root canal preparation or not. Pain Intensity was measured using modified visual analogue scale at 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours after root canal instrumentation. Results: The patients’ highest mean pain scores occurred in the first 24 hours and significantly declined at the subsequent observation time of 72 hours. ProTaper Universal groups showed the highest mean pain scores, while the lowest mean pain scores were found in One Shape groups with no significant difference. The highest mean pain scores were found in XP-endo Finisher subgroups, while the lowest were found in No XP-endo Finisher subgroups with no significant difference. Conclusion: One Shape system produced less postoperative pain when used in conjunction with XP-endo Finisher.}, keywords = {Post-instrumentation pain,One Shape,ProTaper Universal,XP-endo Finisher}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79847.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79847_ba0adf30f2fbbb709583815cf9e4d8cf.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammed, Maiada and Kamel, Wael and Rokaya, Mohammed}, title = {Comparison of the Cleaning Effectiveness and Incidence of Dentinal Defects after Biomechanical Preparation Using Different Ni Ti Rotary Instruments in Root Canals}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {165-170}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.7722.1095}, abstract = {Purpose: This study was directed to evaluate the cleaning effectiveness& the dentinal defects incidence after preparation with different Ni-Ti rotary instruments in permanent molar root canals. Materials and Methods: A 60 human permanent lower first molars were used in this study. According to the Ni-Ti rotary system used in canal instrumentation, specimens were divided into 3 main groups (n=20) (One Shape, HyFlex EDM and XP-Endo Shaper). Each system was used as the suggested settings by manufacture. Each group was received Copious irrigation with 2.6% NaOCl was performed after the use of each file and finally with combination of 17% EDTA and 2.6% NaOCl. Then specimens were washed with distilled water. Each main group was divided into two subgroups (A &B) (n=10) according to evaluation methods: Subgroup A: The cleaning effectiveness (Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation). Subgroup B: The incidence of dentinal defects (Steriomicroscope evaluation). Results: Regarding to cleaning effectiveness, highest mean and standard deviation values were recorded for HF system while lowest mean value was recorded for XP system. Regarding to dentinal defects, the highest mean and standard deviation values were recorded for OS system, while the lowest mean value was recorded for XP system. Conclusions: The results of the present study showing that: XP-Endo Shaper file gives promising better results in cleaning ability with minimal incidence of dentinal defects found in root dentin.}, keywords = {Dentinal defect,Ni-Ti rotary instruments,Steriomicroscope}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79848.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79848_61100cf23c09d59ca395097bcb2ac5b5.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbas, Radwa and Mandour, Mona and Hasan, Suad}, title = {Effect of Material Type and Thickness on Fatigue Resistance of Posterior Bonded Occlusal Veneers}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {171-178}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.7842.1111}, abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the fatigue resistance of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (VS) and hybrid ceramic (VE) occlusal veneers, with two different thicknesses. Materials and Methods: twenty extracted human maxillary first molars were prepared to replicate worn occlusal table. Samples were distributed into two groups according to the received occlusal veneers material; Vita Suprinity and Vita Enamic, each group was further subdivided into two subgroups according to the thickness of the occlusal veneers (0.6mm or 1.2mm). The samples were cemented by self-adhesive resin cement. Samples were subjected to step fatigue resistance test, Assessment of fracture mode was evaluated. Results: The higher mean fatigue resistance values were recorded in Vita Suprinity compared to Vita Enamic occlusal veneers. The higher mean fatigue resistance values were recorded in 1.2 mm compared with 0.6 mm thickness. The mean fatigue resistance value was non –significant at the interaction of groups and subgroups variables. Conclusions: Thin (1.2mm) and ultra-thin (0.6mm) Vita Suprinity and Vita Enamic can be used to construct occlusal veneers in terms of fatigue resistance values.}, keywords = {Fatigue Resistance,Occlusal Veneers,thickness}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79849.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79849_573af885de3776a7ac33cab9cb639dc4.pdf} } @article { author = {Muhriz, Meneg and Niazy, Maha and Elsharkawy, Doaa}, title = {Remineralizing Effect of Nanofilled Glass Ionomer Combined with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle and Nanohydroxyapatite in Root Caries-like Lesions}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {179-187}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.10808.1133}, abstract = {Purpose: This study designed to evaluate the remineralizing effect of nanofilled glass ionomer combined with titanium dioxide nanoparticle and nano hydroxyapatite in root caries like-lesions. Materials and Methods: sixty specimens from sound human premolars, standardized rounded class V cavities were prepared in the middle of cervical one third of the labial surface of root. Then the specimens were divided into three main groups according to the experimental restored material (20 specimens each). Group (A): received nanofilled glass ionomer (NGI), group (B): received 10% nano hydroxyapatite (NHA) incorporated into conventional glass ionomer (GI), and group (C): received 10% titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) incorporated in conventional glass Ionomer (GI). Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups of (10 each), according to the topical application of nano hydroxyapatite solution either the surface was treated with 10% nano hydroxyapatite solution (I), or the surface was not treated (II). EDAX measurements were done for all specimens before demineralization, after demineralization, and after remineralization. Results: all materials caused significance remineralization of dentin. When comparing the materials effect on remineralization, (NHA) and (NGI) had much higher phosphors and calcium % change than (TiO2 NPs) when used without (NHA) coat. In comparing use of coat of NHA solution, results showed no significant effects in remineralization, except with TiO2 NPs. Conclusion: Modification of conventional GI restorations using nanoparticles is beneficial to dentin remineralization. NHA topical coat has limited beneficial effect when used in conjunction with NHA and NGI restoration. TiO2 NPs although produces remineralization, is of lesser value than NHA.}, keywords = {Nanoparticle,Nano hydroxyapatite,Titanium dioxide,Glass Ionomer}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79850.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79850_7c436a1bddd3b974fc754c3bba9ffd8c.pdf} } @article { author = {Eisa, Nada and Essam, Eman and Amin, Rania and EL Sharkawy, Zainab}, title = {Fracture Resistance and Retention of Three Different Endocrown Materials}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {189-198}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.11248.1135}, abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to assess fracture resistance and retention of three different endocrown materials. Materials and Methods: Thirty (n=30) sound mandibular molars were endodontically treated and according to endocrown constructed material appointed arbitrarily into 3 groups (n=10 each); Group (1): IPS e.max CAD, Group (2): Vita Suprinity and Group (3): Vita Enamic. Samples of each group were additionally subdivided into2 subgroups (n=5 each) according to fracture resistance and retention tests. Subgroup (A): Samples subjected to fracture resistance test and mode of failure. Subgroup (B): Samples subjected to retention test and mode of failure. The samples were thermocycled and seated on a universal testing machine and subjected to fracture resistance and retention test, then Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The highest mean failure load was recorded for Vita Suprinity endocrowns, followed by IPS e-max endocrowns, while Vita Enamic endocrowns recorded the lowest mean failure load.A non-statistically significant difference between the three tested groups of subgroup (A) revealed by using ANOVA test.The highest debonding load was recorded for Vita Enamic endocrowns, followed by IPS e-max CAD endocrowns, while the lowest mean debonding was recorded for Vita Suprinity endocrowns. A non-statistically significant difference between the three tested groups of subgroup (B) revealed by using ANOVA test. Conclusions: Endocrowns of Vita Suprinity showed higher mean failure load value compared to endocrowns of E-max CAD and Vita Enamic. While endocrowns of Vita Enamic showed higher mean debonding load value compared to E-max CAD and Vita Suprinity.}, keywords = {Fracture resistance,E-max CAD,Vita Suprinity,Vita Enamic}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79851.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79851_b7212cb7d1a25b06611d742f912f8a58.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel salam, Samira and Abdel Aziz, Sahar and El mekkawi, Walaa}, title = {Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Light Transmission and Adhesion of Two Types of Glass Fiber Posts}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {199-202}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.12858.1144}, abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of different surface treatments on the light transmission and adhesion of two types of posts. Materials and Methods: Two groups of glass Fiber post specimens (Glassix) Conventional glass fiber post and (Glassix plus) Translucent glass fiber posts were prepared 10 mm length and 1.5 mm diameter (n = 40). The groups were classified into four sub groups (n=5): Group 1: Did Not receive any treatment; Group 2: treated with hydrofluoric acid (HF) 9.6%. Group 3: treated with 110 μm Al2O3; Group 4: exposed to (Er-Cr:ySGG) laser. The light transmittance of the specimens was compared using a spectrophotometer and bond strength measured for each post at (middle-apical-coronal) using universal testing machine. Results: there was no significant effect of surface treatments on light transmittance of posts (P > 0.001) control group had the highest values while the HF group had the lowest value. Surfaces treatment had significant effects on bond strength of posts (P < 0.001) translucent post had bond strength higher than conventional post. Conclusion: Application of surface treatments had no significantly effect on the translucence property of fiber posts but significatly Affected bond strength.}, keywords = {Fiber post,Laser,Light transmittance,Surface treatment}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79854.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79854_549085f3f6dd661292a8d1378bebd5c6.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsaid, Shahenda and Ahmed, Atef and Hassan, Suad}, title = {Fracture Resistance and Retention of CAD/CAM Endo-Crowns Using Different Preparation Designs}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {203-211}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.13052.1147}, abstract = {Purpose: to study the influence of different preparation designs on fracture resistance and retention of CAD/CAM endocrowns. Materials and methods: Forty human mandibular molars were selected to conduct the present study. All teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=20 each) according to the preparation design of endocrown, Group (1): Endodontically treated teeth without ferrule (butt joint). Group (2): Endodontically treated teeth with 1mm ferrule. All prepared teeth were restored using IPS e-max CAD endocrowns. After cementation of endocrowns all specimens were subjected to thermal cycling in automated thermocycling machine in order to mimic the intra-oral condition. Then retention was measured using material testing machine, also fracture resistance was measured using material testing machine. The recorded data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Endodontically treated molar with 1mm ferrule showed high fracture resistance and retention than endodontically treated molar without ferrule. Conclusions: All obtained fracture resistance and retention values lie within the clinically accepted ranges, endocrowns with 1mm ferrule have fracture resistance and retention higher than endocrowns without ferrule (butt joint).}, keywords = {Endocrown,Fracture resistance,retention,ferrule}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79889.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79889_7e405a67318d5471a0f02c142752889e.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdallah, Shahenda and Motawea, Inas and Abdel Ghany, Mostafa and Amin, Rania}, title = {Phase Transformation, Surface Topography and Mechanical Properties of Hydrothermal Aged Laser treated Cubic Versus Tetragonal Zirconia Ceramics}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {213-227}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.14226.1189}, abstract = {Purpose: This study was carried out to compare the effect of laser surface treatment on cubic and tetragonal zirconia ceramics regarding; phase transformation tetragonal-monoclinic (T-M), surface topography, mechanical properties and biaxial flexural strength before and after low thermal degradation (LTD) aging. Materials and Methods: sixty discs (N=60) of CAD/CAM zirconia were used in this study. These specimens were divided into two main groups according to type of zirconia. Group I: (n=30) Cubic Zirconia (DD cubeX2), while Group II: (n=30) Tetragonal zirconia (Superfect-Zir). Then each group further subdivided into two subgroups according to surface treatment, subgroup (1): control without surface treatment, subgroup (2): laser surface treatment .Specimens form each subgroups were tested for the following; Phase transformation, surface topography, and mechanical properties before and after Low Thermal Degradation (LTD) aging test. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that there was a statistical significant difference between the two tested groups regarding the surface topography, biaxial flexural strength, and surface hardness. Also there was a statistical significant difference regarding the surface treatment and before/after LTD and laser among the tested zirconia ceramics. Conclusions: laser surface treatment improved the properties of tetragonal / cubic zirconia, and increases their resistance to low thermal degradation LTD aging.}, keywords = {Cubic Zirconia,Thermal Degradation,Laser Surface Topography,Biaxial Flexural Strength}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79856.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79856_afe95277e79481bd1d1ef80c01c8914e.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Rahman, Fatheya and Ahmed, Atef and El Sharkawy, Zeinab}, title = {Effect of Surface Treatment and Veneering Method on the Shear Bond Strength between Zirconia and Veneering Ceramics}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {229-237}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.13447.1161}, abstract = {Purpose: The current study was aimed to assess the effect of various surface treatments: liner, silica coating and laser treatment, and veneering technique on the zirconia veneering ceramic sheer bond strength. Materials and Methods: Sixty four zirconia discs were prepared from Y-TZP ceramic blocks. According to surface treatment, the discs were divided into four groups (n=16); Group I: Control (without any treatment), Group II: liner application, Group III: silica coating, Group IV: laser irradiation. Then they sub grouped into subgroup A (n=8): layering technique and subgroup B (n=8): press–on technique according to the used veneering technique. Two additional specimens from every group were inspected by scanning electron microscope. To stimulate the thermal changes all samples were thermocycled for 1500 cycles. Shear test was done using a universal testing machine. Results: The highest mean sheer bond strength value was noted in the laser group and the control group showed the lowest in case of veneering by layering. While in case of press-on veneering sub group the lowest mean sheer strength value was recorded in the liner. Conclusions: surface treatments and veneering technique had an effect on the zirconia-veneer sheer bond strength.}, keywords = {Y-TZP,Veneering ceramics,Laser,Shear bond strength}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79860.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79860_8f5e55c46938986e4836d091a875adbf.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Heba and Essam, Eman and Saleh, Osama and El Mekkawi, Walaa}, title = {Marginal Accuracy and Microleakage of Machinable Laminate Veneers}, journal = {Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls}, volume = {7}, number = {2-C}, pages = {239-245}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Girls Branch}, issn = {2537-0308}, eissn = {2537-0316}, doi = {10.21608/adjg.2020.14158.1181}, abstract = {Purpose: The current study aimed to evaluate the marginal accuracy and microleakage of machinable laminate veneers. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four human maxillary central incisor teeth were collected and prepared (butt-joint preparation) to receive laminate veneers. They were divided into three groups (n=8) according to material of construction: Group I: IPS-Emax CAD, Group II: Vita Suprinity, Group III: Celtra-Duo. The veneers were milled from the blocks in a CEREC 3 Machine. All veneers were cemented with resin cement. All samples had been subjected to 1500 thermal cycles which are equivalent to one year and half of clinical use. Marginal gap (pre and post cementation) and microleakage were detected for all samples. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Regarding vertical marginal gap, E max CAD showed the highest mean value followed by Celtra Duo, while the lowest mean value was found in Vita Suprinity. The mean values before cementation were higher than after cementation. Regarding microleakage, the highest mean value was found in E max followed by Celtra Duo, while the lowest mean value was found in Vita Suprinity. Leakage at cervical margins showed higher mean values than incisal one. Conclusion: Under the test conditions, the following was concluded: Zirconia reinforced Lithium silicate restorations, particularly the partially crystalline form, introduced better marginal accuracy and microleakage than Lithium disilicate restorations. There is a direct correlation between marginal accuracy and microleakage.}, keywords = {E-max,Vita Suprinity,Reinforced ceramics,Microleakge}, url = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79866.html}, eprint = {https://adjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_79866_c5ddf4c108be14c44a5a94a88a959b02.pdf} }